关于中秋节的英文简短介绍
中秋节的英文简短介绍
"Zhong Qiu Jie", which is also known as the Mid-Autumn Festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar. It is a time for family members and loved ones to congregate and enjoy the full moon - an auspicious symbol of abundance, harmony and luck. Adults will usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of many varieties with a good cup of piping hot Chinese tea, while the little ones run around with their brightly-lit lanterns.
"Zhong Qiu Jie" probably began as a harvest festival. The festival was later given a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful lady in the moon.
According to Chinese mythology, the earth once had 10 suns circling over it. One day, all 10 suns appeared together, scorching the earth with their heat. The earth was saved when a strong archer, Hou Yi, succeeded in shooting down 9 of the suns. Yi stole the elixir of life to save the people from his tyrannical rule, but his wife, Chang-E drank it. Thus started the legend of the lady in the moon to whom young Chinese girls would pray at the Mid-Autumn Festival.
In the 14th century, the eating of mooncakes at "Zhong Qiu Jie" was given a new significance. The story goes that when Zhu Yuan Zhang was plotting to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty started by the Mongolians, the rebels hid their messages in the Mid-Autumn mooncakes. Zhong Qiu Jie is hence also a commemoration of the overthrow of the Mongolians by the Han people.
During the Yuan Dynasty (A.D.1206-1368) China was ruled by the Mongolian people. Leaders from the preceding Sung Dynasty(A.D.960-1279) were unhappy at submitting to foreign rule, and set how to coordinate the rebellion without it being discovered. The leaders of the rebellion, knowing that the Moon Festival was drawing near, ordered the making of special cakes. Packed into each mooncake was a message with the outline of the attack. On the night of the Moon Festival, the rebels successfully attacked and overthrew the government. What followed was the establishment of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368-1644). Today, moon cakes are eaten to commemorate this event.
Mid-Autumn Day is a traditional festival in China. Almost everyone likes to eat mooncakes on that day. Most families have a dinner together to celebrate the festival. A saying goes, "The moon in your hometown is almost always the brightest and roundest". Many people who live far away from homes want to go back to have a family reunion. How happy it is to enjoy the moon cakes while watching the full moon with your family members.
中秋节习俗
月光马儿
明清时期月神形象发生了重要变化，由早期纯道教色彩的以嫦娥为主的月宫图景演变为佛道交融的月光菩萨与捣药玉兔并在的世俗形象。这个时期，人们供奉绘有月光菩萨的月光纸，也叫“月光马儿”。富察敦崇的《燕京岁时记》(一九Ο六年)。记载：“月光马者，以纸为之，上绘太阴星君，如菩萨像，下绘月宫及捣药之兔。人立而执杵，藻彩精致，金碧辉煌，市肆间多卖之者。长者七、八尺，短者二、三尺，顶有二旗，作红绿，笆或黄色，向月而供之。焚香行礼，祭毕与千张、元宝等一并焚之。”
兔儿爷
兔儿爷的起源约在明末。明人纪坤(约一六三六年前后在世)的《花王阁剩稿》：“京中秋节多以泥抟兔形，衣冠踞坐如人状，儿女祀而拜之。”到了清代，兔儿爷的功能已由祭月转变为儿童的中秋节玩具。制作也日趋精致，有扮成武将头戴盔甲、身披戢袍的、也有背插纸旗或纸伞、或坐或立的。坐则有麒麟虎豹等等。也有扮成兔首人身之商贩，或是剃头师父、或是缝鞋、卖馄饨、茶汤的，不一而足。
“每届中秋，市人之巧者，用黄土抟成蟾兔之像以出售，谓之兔儿爷。”旧时北京东四牌楼一带，常有兔儿爷摊子，专售中秋祭月用的兔儿爷。此外，南纸店，香烛也有出售的。这兔儿爷，经过民间艺人的大胆创造，已经人格化了。它是兔首人身，手持玉杵。后来有人仿照戏曲人物，把兔儿爷雕造成金盔金甲的武士，有的骑着狮、象等猛兽，有的骑着孔雀，仙鹤等飞禽。特别是兔儿爷骑虎，虽属怪事，但却是民间艺人的大胆创造。还有一种肘关节和下颔能活动的兔儿爷，俗称“刮打刮打嘴”，更讨人喜欢。它虽为拜月的供品，但实在是孩子们的绝妙玩具。
在几十年前的北京街头，大约六十多岁以上老北京都还能记得。一过七月十五，兔儿爷摊子就摆出来了。前门五牌楼、后门鼓楼前、西单、东四等处，到处都是兔儿爷摊子，大大小小，高高低低，摆的极为热闹。
中秋宴俗
古时汉族的中秋宴俗，以宫廷最为精雅，如明代宫廷时兴吃螃蟹。螃蟹用蒲包蒸熟后，众人围坐品尝，佐以酒醋。食毕饮苏叶汤，并用之洗手。宴桌区周，摆满鲜花、大石榴以及其他时鲜，演出中秋的神话戏曲。清宫多在某一院内向东放一架屏风，屏风两侧搁置鸡冠花、毛豆技、芋头、花生、萝卜、鲜藕。屏风前设一张八仙桌，上置一个特大的月饼，四周缀满糕点和瓜果。祭月完毕，按皇家人口将月饼切作若干块，每人象征性地尝一口，名曰“吃团圆饼”。清宫月饼之大，令人难以想象。像末代皇帝溥仪赏给总管内务大臣绍英的一个月饼，便是“径约二尺许，重约二十斤”。
玩花灯
中秋节，有许多的游戏活动，首先是玩花灯。中秋是我国三大灯节之一，过节要玩灯。当然，中秋没有像元宵节那样的大型灯会，玩灯主要只是在家庭、儿童之间进行的。
早在北宋《武林旧事》中，记载中秋夜节俗，就有‘将“一点红”灯放入江中漂流玩耍的活动。中秋玩花灯，多集中在南方。如前述的佛山秋色会上，就有各种各式的彩灯：芝麻灯、蛋壳灯、刨花灯、稻草灯、鱼鳞灯、谷壳灯、瓜籽灯及鸟兽花树灯等，令人赞叹。
中秋节意义
许愿
再次，该节日也可以成为一个许愿的节日。当然，这里有一些功利的色彩。通过在节假日对于月亮许愿，如事业问题、健康问题、婚姻问题、家庭问题，往往也是比较灵验。当然，我们不应当用这种功利来交换对于祖宗的祭拜吧!当你对祖宗的祭拜是出于真心的话，我相信心诚则灵，那你许的愿望，在今后的实践当中必然是能够实现的。但如果你是怀着虚情假意来祭拜，那必然是好的不灵、坏的灵!你会后悔莫及!
5、人情之美 中秋之夜，从前家家户户于庭中设供桌，摆放月饼、藕、菱、西瓜、石榴、毛豆等节令食品祭月。上世纪五六十年代，每逢中秋之夜，他们都会设供桌，置香斗供品，以祭天斋月。这些习俗，反映了人们对月亮、对自然的敬畏，这种敬畏中又满含对月亮、对自然的亲近与喜爱之情。暂时放却劳作，阖家男女老少，欢聚赏月，一边尝食月饼、节物，一边谈谈家常，这图景似乎是普通平淡的，但我们也可以在其中体味到庶民生活的趣味与美，体味到我们中国人的人情之美。
审美趣味
中秋节赏月等习俗的形成同样耐人寻味。中秋之夜，赏明月，让人们自觉地去体验、感受圆月、月下境界与各种风物之美，这时，大自然的生命气象与人们的内在情感体验之间会相应相合，人们对月亮，对月下境界的美的感受力于是变得灵敏，赏月之际，每每使人逸兴遄飞，形之歌咏，岂是偶然!然则中秋节的节俗，不仅让我们在自然之中，月光之下，获得审美享受，而且它还不断地在陶冶着、提升着我们的审美趣味。